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澳 門 特 別 行 政 區

行政長官辦公室

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第27/2006號行政長官公告

中華人民共和國澳門特別行政區政府與蒙古國政府航班協定

行政長官根據澳門特別行政區第3/1999號法律第三條（六）項和第六條第一款的規定，命令公佈《中華人民共和國澳門特別行政區政府與蒙古國政府航班協定》。

二零零六年七月六日發佈。

行政長官 何厚鏵

———

中華人民共和國澳門特別行政區政府和蒙古國政府航班協定

經中華人民共和國中央人民政府授權簽訂本協定的澳門特別行政區政府（澳門特別行政區）和蒙古國政府，（以下稱為締約雙方），

意欲締結一項協定，以便在兩地區之間及其以遠建立航班服務；

達成協議如下：

第一條

定義

一、本協定中，除非另有說明，以下用詞有如下含義：

（一）“芝加哥公約”——指一九四四年十二月七日在芝加哥供開放簽字的國際民用航空公約以及包括：（1）根據該公約第九十四（a）條對締約雙方已生效的對公約的任何修改；及（2） 任何附件和根據該公約第九十條正式通過的對該附件的任何修改，只要該修改在任何特定時間對締約雙方已經生效；

（二）“航空當局”——在蒙古國方面指交通及基礎設施部，對第七條而言指民航局，在澳門特別行政區方面指民航局或其繼任人，或對雙方而言，指獲授權執行上述當局行使的任何職能或類似職能的任何個人或機構；

（三）“指定空運企業”——指根據本協定第四條被指定和授權的一家空運企業；

（四）“地區”——在蒙古國方面， 採納芝加哥公約第二條中“領土”的含意，在澳門特別行政區方面包括澳門半島、氹仔島和路環島；

（五）“航班”——“國際航班”、“空運企業”和“非運輸業務性經停”，分別採納芝加哥公約第九十六條所載的含意；

（六）“本協定”——包括其附件以及對附件和本協定的任何修改；

（七）“使用費”——指對飛機，其機組，旅客和貨物提供機場財產或設施，或航行設施，包括相關服務和設施，而由有關當局或經其允許向空運企業收取的費用；

（八）“規定航線”——本協定附件中規定的航線；

（九）“協議航班”——在規定航線上運營的航班。

第二條

芝加哥公約的適用

本協定的規定應服從於芝加哥公約的規定，只要該規定適用於國際航班。

第三條

權利的授予

一、締約一方給予締約另一方以下有關經營國際航班的權利：

（一）飛越其地區而不降停的權利；

（二）在其地區內作非運輸業務性經停的權利；

二、締約一方給予締約另一方本協定以下規定的權利，以便在本協定附件航線表相應部份所規定的航線上經營國際航班。此航班和航線以下分別稱為“協議航班” 和“規定航線”。

在規定航線上經營協議航班時，締約一方指定的一家或多家空運企業除享有本條第一款所規定的權利外，還享有在本協定航線表中締約對方地區內該航線的地點降停，以便以分開或混合的方式上下旅客和包括郵件在內的貨物。

三、本條第二款不應被視為給予締約一方一家或多家空運企業以取酬或出租為目的，在締約另一方地區內載運旅客和包括郵件在內的貨物前往該締約另一方地區內另一地點的權利。

四、如果由於武裝衝突，政治動亂或演變，或者特別和非同尋常的情況，締約一方指定空運企業不能在通常航路上經營航班，締約另一方應盡力通過提供適當的臨時航路安排為該航班的繼續經營提供方便。

第四條

航空企業的指定與授權

一、締約一方可以書面方式向締約另一方指定一家或多家空運企業在規定航線上經營協議航班， 以及撤銷和改變此種指定。

二、締約另一方在收到上述指定後，應根據本條第三款和第四款的規定，毫不延誤地向按此所指定的一家或多家空運企業授予適當的經營許可。

三、締約一方航空當局可以要求締約另一方所指定的空運企業向其証實，該空運企業具備資格履行該當局與芝加哥公約規定相一致的適用於國際航班經營的法律和規定所定的條件。

四、締約各方如果對該空運企業在該締約方地區註冊並以其為主要營業地有疑義，則有權拒絕授予本條第二款所述的經營許可，或對該指定空運企業行使本協定第三條第二款中所規定的權利附加它認為必要的條件。

五、一家空運企業根據上述規定經指定和授權後，即可開始經營協議航班，條件是該空運企業須遵守本協定中相適用的規定。

第五條

撤銷和暫停經營許可

一、締約一方航空當局有權撤銷某經營許可，或暫停締約另一方指定空運企業行使本協定第三條第二款所規定的權利，或對行使此等權利附加其認為必要的條件：

（一）如果對該空運企業在締約對方地區註冊並以其為主要營業地有疑義；

（二）該空運企業未能遵守授予此等權利的締約一方通常及合理適用的法律和規定；或

（三）該空運企業未能按照本協定所規定的其他條件經營。

二、除非本條第一款所述的撤銷，暫停或附加條件必須立即執行，以防止進一步違反法律和規定， 否則此權利只能在與締約另一方航空當局協商後方可行使。

第六條

運力規定

一、締約雙方指定空運企業應享有公平均等的機會在其相關地區之間的規定航線上經營協議航班。

二、在經營協議航班方面，締約一方指定的一家或多家空運企業應考慮到締約另一方指定的一家或多家空運企業的利益，以免不適當地影響該空運企業在相同航線的全部或部份航段上所提供的航班。

三、締約雙方指定空運企業提供的協議航班，應與公眾對規定航線的運輸需求保持密切關係。其主要目的是以合理載運比例提供足夠的運力，以滿足當前和合理預期到的前往或來自指定空運企業的締約一方地區的旅客和貨物，包括郵件的需求。為在指定空運企業的締約一方地區地點以外的規定航線上地點上下旅客和貨物，包括郵件的規定，應根據運力需與下列各點相聯繫的總原則制定：

（一）前往和來自指定空運企業的締約一方地區的運輸需要；

（二）在考慮到組成該區域國家的空運企業建立的其他運輸航班之後，協議航班途經該區域的運輸需要；及

（三）聯程航班經營的需要。

第七條

運價

一、（一）“運價”一詞指：

（1）為運輸旅客、行李或貨物（不包括郵件）所收取的價格；

（2）與此種運輸連帶或偶然或作為該運輸的結果而提供或可供利用的附加物品、服務或其他好處；

（3）對此種附加物品、服務或好處的收費價格，和包括指導任何此種價格適用性及提供或可供利用任何此種物品、服務或好處的條件，及

（4）為定期航班的運輸出售客票或填開貨運單而由空運企業付給代理人的代理手續費。

（二）當運營航班的客、貨運價按照季節、每週日期或每天時間、旅行方向或由於其他原因而有所不同時，每一不同的客運價或貨運價應被視為一個單獨的運價，不論其是否分別和相關條件一起向有關當局提出申請。

二、締約雙方指定空運企業就其地區之間的運輸所採用的運價應在合理的水平上制定，適當注意所有有關因素，包括協議航班的經營成本，使用者利益，合理利潤以及對市場的種種考慮。

三、締約雙方航空當局不得要求其空運企業在下述條款所包括的航班運價報批之前與其他空運企業協商。

四、 締約雙方航空當局應按下述規定批准締約任何一方空運企業在締約一方地區一地點和締約另一方地區一地點之間運輸的運價：

（一）在締約雙方地區之間運輸所收取的任何建議的運價應由或代為有關指定空運企業在其建議生效之日至少三十天（或雙方航空當局同意的較短時間）以前提交締約雙方航空當局批准。

（二）航空當局可以在任何時間批准按此提交的運價。但在符合以下兩個分款的條件下，除非締約雙方航空當局在二十天內相互書面通知不予批准所提交的運價，否則任何此種運價申請自收到之日起二十一天之後被視為已獲批准。

（三）上述分款（二）不得妨礙締約一方航空當局單方面不予批准其指定的一家空運企業的任何運價申請。但是，只有在該當局認為一項建議的運價由於過份（即該運價的實施會構成反競爭行為，可能對另一家或多家指定空運企業造成嚴重損害），方可採取此種單方面的行動。

（四）如果締約任何一方航空當局認為，締約另一方指定空運企業向其申報的一項建議運價屬於過份，或其實施會構成反競爭行為， 可能對另一家或多家空運企業造成嚴重損害，他們可以在收到申報二十天內，要求與締約另一方航空當局協商。此項協商應在提出要求的二十一天內結束並且運價將在該期限結束時生效，除非締約雙方航空當局達成其他它協議。

（五）儘管有上述分款（一）、（二）的規定，締約雙方航空當局不得要求提交兩地區地點之間貨運價的申請。此種運價由有關空運企業決定生效時間。

（六）如一項根據上款生效的運價被締約一方航空當局認為對在某一條或數條航線上的另一家或多家空運企業造成嚴重損害，該航空當局可以要求與締約另一方航空當局協商。此項協商應在提出要求的二十一天內結束，除非締約雙方航空當局達成其他協議。

五、（一）締約一方指定空運企業對於締約另一方地區與第三方之間運輸的運價，須向締約對方航空當局申請批准。

申請批准的各運價如果其水平、條件、及失效日期與締約另一方航空當局當時已批准的適用於該締約一方指定空運企業在其地區與該第三方地區之間的運輸的運價相符合，則該運價應獲批准，條件是航空當局可以在被符合的運價由於任何原因停止實施時撤銷該批准，或在被符合的運價批准條件有任何變動時對批准的條件作出相應變動。

（二）儘管有上述分款（一）的規定，締約雙方航空當局不得要求締約一方的一家或多家指定空運企業提交締約另一方地區與第三方之間貨運價批准申請。

第八條

關稅

一、締約任何一方指定空運企業經營國際航班的飛機、其機上正常設備、燃料、潤滑油、包括發動機在內的零備件和機上供應品（包括但並不限於諸如食品、飲料、煙草等物品），締約另一方應在互惠的基礎上，免除所有海關稅、消費稅以及並非根據抵埠提供服務的開支所收取的類似費用和收費，條件是此等設備和供應品必須留置在飛機上。

二、締約一方指定空運企業運進或代其運進締約另一方地區，或裝上該指定空運企業飛機， 專供經營國際航班機上使用的正常設備、零備件、燃料與潤滑油、機上供應品、印製的客票、貨運單、締約任何一方指定空運企業印有指定空運企業標誌的印刷品和供免費發放的普通宣傳資料，即使此等物品在該締約方的地區裝上飛機供在該締約方地區上空航段上使用，締約另一方基於互惠原則，應免除所有海關稅、消費稅以及並非根據飛機抵埠所提供服務的開支而收取的類似費用和收費。

三、本條第一款和第二款所述物品可能被要求置於有關當局監管或控制之下。

四、締約任何一方指定空運企業飛機上的機上正常設備、零備件、燃料與潤滑油和機上供應品，只有在締約另一方海關當局同意之後，方可在該締約方地區內卸下。其海關當局可要求該物品接受監管，直至該等物品重新運出或按照海關的規定另行處理。

五、在締約任何一方指定的空運企業已與另一家或多家空運企業關於在締約另一方地區租用或移交本條第一款和第二款所規定各項物品作出安排的情況下，本條規定的免除辦法亦將適用，但該另一家空運企業或多家空運企業須同樣獲得該締約另一方的此項免除。

第九條

航空保安

一、確保民用飛機、其旅客和機組人員安全作為國際航班運營的基本前提，締約雙方重申彼此之間對保障民航安全免受非法行為干擾的責任，特別是根據芝加哥公約、一九六三年九月十四日在東京簽訂的關於在航空器內犯罪和犯有某些其他行為的公約、一九七零年十二月十六日在海牙簽訂的關於制止非法劫持航空器的公約，以及一九七一年九月二十三日在蒙特利爾簽訂的關於制止危害民用航空安全的非法行為的公約的規定所負有的責任構成本協定不可缺少的一個部分。

二、締約雙方應根據請求相互提供一切必要的協助，以防止非法劫持民用飛機和其他危及該等飛機、其旅客和機組、機場和導航設施安全的非法行為，以及危及民航保安的任何其他威脅。

三、締約雙方在其相互關係中，應遵守航空保安標準，國際民航組織所制定和指定為國際民航公約附件的對締約雙方適用的建議措施。締約雙方須要求在締約各方註冊的飛機經營人或以締約各方地區為主要經營地或永久駐地的飛機經營人，以及締約各方地區的機場經營人遵守該等航空保安規定。締約各方應提前將其通告任何差異的意向通知締約對方。

四、締約各方應確保在其地區內採取有效措施保護飛機，在登機和裝機前或裝機時，對旅客及其手提物品實行透視檢查，對機組、貨物（包括裝貨艙的行李）及機上供應品實施適當的檢查，並對上述措施加以調整以對付威脅的增加。締約各方同意其空運企業可能被要求遵守第三款中提及的締約另一方關於入境、出境及在締約另一方地區內的航空保安規定。同時締約各方對締約另一方為對付某項特定的威脅要求採取合理的特別安全措施的要求，亦應採取有利行動。

五、 倘若發生非法劫持民用飛機的事件或威脅，或其他針對該飛機、其旅客和機組、機場及航空導航設施安全的非法行為，締約雙方須互相協助提供通訊的便利及採取其他適當措施，以便盡速以最低的生命危險終止該事件或其威脅。

第十條

提供統計

締約一方航空當局應根據要求，向締約另一方航空當局提供合理需要的在本協定規定航線上運輸業務的定期統計或其他類似資料，以審查本條開始所提到的締約一方指定的一家或多家空運企業提供的協議航班運力。此類資料應包括確定該等空運企業的協議航班所載運的業務所需的所有情況以及該等業務的始發點與終點。

第十一條

收入的匯出

澳門特別行政區指定空運企業有權在需要時將在當地獲得的收支餘額兌換並匯回澳門特別行政區。蒙古國指定空運企業有權在需要時將在當地獲得的收支餘額兌換並匯回本國。兌換及匯出應不受任何限制，按兌換及匯返此種收入時適用於當時交易的有效匯率進行，並且不得收取除銀行對該兌換及匯款業務的正常收費外的任何費用。

第十二條

空運企業代表處及銷售

一、締約一方指定空運企業可根據締約另一方關於入境、居留和就業的法律和規定，在締約另一方地區內派駐和保留提供航班所需的自己的管理、技術、運營和其他專業人員。

二、締約一方指定的一家或多家空運企業可以在締約另一方地區直接或通過指定的代理人從事航空運輸銷售。締約各方指定的一家或多家空運企業有權銷售此種運輸，任何個人均可使用當地貨幣或任何可自由兌換的其他貨幣自由購買此種運輸。

第十三條

使用費

一、締約任何一方向締約另一方一家或多家指定空運企業收取或准許收取的使用費， 不得高於向其自己經營類似國際航班的空運企業所收取的使用費。

二、締約各方應鼓勵其主管收費當局和使用該收費當局提供的有關服務與設施的空運企業， 在可行的情況下通過空運企業代表機構就使用費進行協商。對於任何更改使用費的建議，應適當提前通知該等用戶，以便它們在更改之前表達意見。締約各方還應鼓勵其主管收費當局與該等用戶就使用費交換有關的資訊。

第十四條

協商

一、締約任何一方可隨時就本協定的實施、解釋、適用及修改問題要求協商。協商可在民航當局之間進行，除非締約雙方另有協議，此協商應在締約另一方收到書面要求之日起六十天內開始進行。

第十五條

解決爭議

一、如果締約雙方就本協定的解釋或適用發生任何爭議，締約雙方首先應設法通過談判解決。

二、如果締約雙方未能通過談判解決爭議，它們可以將該項爭議提交雙方同意的人士或機構處理，或在締約任何一方的要求下，提交一個由三名仲裁員組成的仲裁庭決定，仲裁庭的組成方式如下：

（一）在接獲仲裁要求三十天內，締約各方應委任一名仲裁員。在委任第二名仲裁員後六十天之內，經兩名仲裁員協議委任一名在該項爭議中可視為中立國家的國民為第三名仲裁員並由其出任仲裁庭的主席。

（二）若在上述規定的期限內，未能委任任何仲裁員，締約任何一方可以要求國際民航組織理事會主席在三十天內作出必要的委任。如理事會主席認為由於他是某一國家的國民，而此國家在爭議中不能視為中立，仲裁員則由未因上述理由失去委任資格的最資深副主席委任。

三、除非本條下文另有規定或締約雙方另有協議，仲裁庭將確定其管轄範圍和建立自己的程序。在仲裁庭發出指令或締約任何一方要求時，必須在仲裁庭正式成立之後不遲於三十天舉行確定仲裁的準確事項和遵循的具體程序的會議。

四、除非締約雙方另有協議或仲裁庭另有規定，締約各方必須在仲裁庭正式成立之後四十五天內提交一份備忘錄。締約各方可在締約對方提交備忘錄之後六十天內提交一份答覆。在答覆滿後三十天之內，仲裁庭按締約任何一方的要求，或按其自己決定舉行聽証會。

五、仲裁庭應力爭在聽証會結束之後三十天內，或如果未舉行聽証會時，在兩份答覆提交之日之後的三十天內，作出書面裁決。裁決按多數票作出。

六、締約雙方可以在收到裁決之後十五天內提出澄清裁決的要求，該澄清應在提出此種要求之日十五天內發出。

七、仲裁庭的裁決對締約雙方均具約束力。

八、締約各方應承擔其所委任仲裁員的費用。仲裁庭的其他費用，包括國際民航組織理事會主席或理事會成員在執行本條第二款第二段程序時所發生的任何費用由締約雙方平均分攤。

第十六條

修改

一、締約雙方就本協定的修改達成協議，經適當途徑換函確認後即生效。

二、對本協定附件的修改可由締約雙方民航當局直接協商。自上述當局達成協議之日起臨時適用，經適當途徑換函確認後生效。

第十七條

租機飛行

締約雙方指定空運企業可在協議航班上使用租賃條件下的飛機和機組人員，但是租賃安排須由締約對方航空當局按其規則和規定批准。

第十八條

多邊公約

在某項對締約雙方均適用的全面多邊航空公約生效的情況下，則應適用該公約的規定。任何目的在於確定本協定終止、更替、修改或補充的範圍的協商，應按本協定第十六條辦理。

第十九條

終止

締約任何一方可以隨時以書面通知締約另一方其終止本協定的決定。此通知應同時發給國際民航組織。在此情況下，除非在期限到期之前協議撤銷該終止通知，本協定自締約另一方收到通知之日第一個週年前的午夜（通知接收地）終止。在未接到締約對方確 認收到通知的情況下，則國際民航組織確認收到此通知十四天後，應視為該通知已被收到。

第二十條

向國際民航組織登記

本協定以及對本協定所作的任何修改須向國際民航組織登記。

第二十一條

生效

本協定在締約雙方以書面相互通知已完成任何必要的程序後即生效。

下列代表，經其各自政府適當授權，已在本協定上簽字。

本協定於二零零六年六月二十七日在烏蘭巴托用中文、葡萄牙文、蒙古文和英文寫成，共兩份，每種文本同等作準。

附 件

航線表

第一部份

蒙古國指定的一家或多家空運企業經營的航線：

註：

一、任何航班可以不經停中間點，但航班須從蒙古國始發或終止。

二、中國內地地點、台灣及香港不得作為中間點或以遠點經營。

第二部份

澳門特別行政區指定的一家或多家空運企業經營的航線：

註：

一、任何航班可以不經停中間點，但航班須從澳門特別行政區始發或終止。

二、中國內地地點、台灣及香港不得作為中間點或以遠點經營。

———

AIR SERVICES AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE GOVERNMENT OF THE MACAO SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA AND THE GOVERNMENT OF MONGOLIA

The Government of the Macao Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China (“the Macao Special Administrative Region”) and the Government of Mongolia, the former having been duly authorized to conclude this Agreement by the Central People’s Government of the People’s Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as the “Contracting Parties”)

Desiring to conclude an Agreement for the purpose of establishing air services between and beyond their respective areas;

Have agreed as follows:

ARTICLE 1

Definitions

For the purpose of this Agreement, the following terms have the following meanings, unless the context otherwise requires:

(a) “The Chicago Convention” — the Convention on International Civil Aviation, opened for signature at Chicago on 7 December 1944 and includes: (i) any amendment thereto which has entered into force under Article 94(a) thereof and is applicable to both Contracting Parties; and (ii) any Annex or any amendment thereto adopted under Article 90 of that Convention, insofar as such amendment is at any given time effective for both Contracting Parties;

(b) “aeronautical authority” — in the case of Mongolia, the Ministry of Infrastructure and, for the purpose of Article 7, the Civil Aviation Authority and in the case of the Macao Special Administrative Region, the Civil Aviation Authority, or its successor, or, in both cases, any person or body, authorized to perform any functions at present exercised by the above-mentioned authorities or similar functions;

(c) “designated airline” — an airline which has been designated and authorized in accordance with Article 4 of this Agreement;

(d) “area” — in relation to Mongolia has the meaning assigned to “territory” in Article 2 of the Chicago Convention and in relation to the Macao Special Administrative Region includes the Macao Peninsula and the Taipa and Coloane Islands;

(e) “air service”, “international air service”, “airline” and “stop for non-traffic purposes” have the meanings respectively assigned to them in Article 96 of the Chicago Convention;

(f) “The Agreement” — includes the Annex hereto and any amendments to it or to this Agreement;

(g) “user charges” — a charge made to airlines by the competent authority or permitted by them to be made for the provision of airport property or facilities or of air navigation facilities, including related services and facilities, for aircraft, their crews, passengers and cargo;

(h) “specified route” — the routes specified in the Annex to the present Agreement;

(i) “agreed services” — the air services operated on the specified routes.

ARTICLE 2

Applicability of the Chicago Convention

The provisions of this Agreement shall be subject to the provisions of the Chicago Convention insofar as those provisions are applicable to international air services.

ARTICLE 3

Grant of Rights

1. Each Contracting Party grants to the other Contracting Party the following rights in respect of its international air services:

(a) the right to fly across its area without landing;

(b) the right to make stops in its area for non-traffic purposes.

2. Each Contracting Party grants to the other Contracting Party the rights hereinafter specified in this Agreement for the purpose of operating international air services on the routes specified in the appropriate Section of the Schedule annexed to this Agreement. Such services and routes are hereinafter called “the agreed services” and “the specified routes” respectively.

While operating an agreed service on a specified route, the airline or airlines designated by each Contracting Party shall enjoy in addition to the rights specified in paragraph 1 of this Article the right to make stops in the area of the other Contracting Party at the points specified for that route in the Schedule to this Agreement for the purpose of taking on board and discharging passengers and cargo, including mail separately or in combination.

3. Nothing in paragraph 2 of this Article shall be deemed to confer on the designated airline or airlines of one Contracting Party the right to take on board, in the area of the other Contracting Party, passengers and cargo, including mail, carried for hire or reward and destined for another point in the area of the other Contracting Party.

4. If because of armed conflict, political disturbances or developments, or special and unusual circumstances, a designated airline of one Contracting Party is unable to operate a service on its normal routing, the other Contracting Party shall use its best efforts to facilitate the continued operation of such service through appropriate temporary rearrangements of routes.

ARTICLE 4

Designation and Authorization of Airlines

1. Each Contracting Party may designate in writing to the other Contracting Party one or more airlines for the purpose of operating the agreed services on the specified routes and to withdraw or alter such designations.

2. On receipt of such a designation the other Contracting Party shall, subject to the provisions of paragraphs 3 and 4 of this Article, without delay grant to the airline or airlines so designated, the appropriate operating authorizations.

3. The aeronautical authority of one Contracting Party may require an airline designated by the other Contracting Party to satisfy them that it is qualified to fulfill the conditions prescribed under the laws and regulations normally and reasonably applied to the operation of international air services by that authority in conformity with the provisions of the Chicago Convention.

4. Each Contracting Party shall have the right to refuse to grant the operating authorizations referred to in paragraph 2 of this Article or to impose such conditions as it may deem necessary on the exercise by a designated airline of the rights specified in paragraph 2 of the Article 3 of this Agreement, in any case where it is not satisfied that, that airline is incorporated and has its principal place of business in the area of the Contracting Party which has designated the airline.

5. When an airline has been so designated and authorized it may begin to operate the agreed services, provided that the airline complies with the applicable provisions of this Agreement.

ARTICLE 5

Revocation or Suspension of Operating Authorizations

1. The aeronautical authorities of each Contracting Party may revoke an operating authorization or suspend the exercise of the rights specified in paragraph 2 of the Article 3 of this Agreement by an airline designated by the other Contracting Party, or impose such conditions as it may deem necessary on the exercise of those rights:

(a) in any case where it is not satisfied that, such airline is incorporated and has its principal place of business in the area of the other Contracting Party;

(b) in the case of failure by that airline to comply with the laws or regulations normally and reasonably applied by the Contracting Party granting those rights; or

(c) if the airline otherwise fails to operate in accordance with the conditions prescribed under this Agreement.

2. Unless immediate revocation, suspension or imposition of the conditions mentioned in paragraph 1 of this Article is essential to prevent further infringements of laws or regulations, such right shall be exercised only after consultation with the aeronautical authorities of the other Contracting Party.

ARTICLE 6

Capacity Regulations

1. There shall be fair and equal opportunity for the designated airlines of both Contracting Parties to operate the agreed services on the specified routes between their respective areas.

2. In operating the agreed services, the designated airline or airlines of each Contracting Party shall take into account the interests of the designated airline or airlines of the other Contracting Party so as not to affect unduly the services which the latter provide on the whole or part of the same routes.

3. The agreed services provided by the designated airlines of the Contracting Parties shall bear a close relationship to the requirements of the public for transportation on the specified routes and shall have as their primary objective the provision at a reasonable load factor of capacity adequate to meet the current and reasonably anticipated requirements for the carriage of passengers and cargo, including mail, coming from or destined for the area of the Contracting Party which has designated the airline. Provision for the carriage of passengers and cargo, including mail, both taken on board and discharged at points on the specified routes in areas other than those points in the area of the Contracting Party designating the airline shall be made in accordance with the general principles that capacity shall be related to:

(a) traffic requirements to and from the area of the Contracting Party which has designated the airline;

(b) traffic requirements of the region through which the agreed service passes, after taking account of other transport services established by airlines of the States comprising the region; and

(c) the requirements of through airline operation.

ARTICLE 7

Tariffs

1. (a) The term “tariff” means:

(i) the price to be charged for the carriage of passengers, baggage or cargo (excluding mail);

(ii) the additional goods, services or other benefits to be furnished or made available in conjunction with such carriage or as a matter which is incidental thereto or consequential thereon;

(iii) the prices to be charged for such additional goods, services or benefits, and includes the conditions that are to govern the applicability of any such price and the furnishing or availability of any such goods, services or benefits; and

(iv) the rate of commission paid by an airline to an agent in respect of tickets sold or air waybills completed by that agent for carriage on scheduled air services.

(b) Where fares or rates differ according to the season, day of the week or time of the day on which a flight is operated, the direction of travel or according to some other factor, each different fare or rate shall be regarded as a separate tariff whether or not it has been filed separately with the related conditions with the relevant authorities.

2. The tariffs to be charged by the designated airlines of the Contracting Parties for carriage between their areas shall be established at reasonable levels, due regard being paid to all relevant factors, including the cost of operating the agreed services, the interests of users, reasonable profit and market considerations.

3. The aeronautical authorities of both Contracting Parties shall not require their airlines to consult other airlines before filing for approval of tariffs for services covered by the following provisions.

4. The aeronautical authorities of both Contracting Parties shall apply the following provisions for the approval of tariffs to be charged by airlines of either Contracting Party for carriage between a point in the area of one Contracting Party and a point in the area of the other Contracting Party:

(a) Any proposed tariff to be charged for carriage between the areas of the two Contracting Parties shall be filed by or on behalf of the designated airline concerned with both aeronautical authorities at least 30 days (or such shorter period as both aeronautical authorities may agree) before it is proposed that the tariff will take effect.

(b) A tariff so filed may be approved at any time by the aeronautical authorities. However, subject to the next two following sub-paragraphs, any such tariff shall be treated as having been approved 21 days after the day on which the filing was received unless the aeronautical authorities of both Contracting Parties have informed each other in writing within 20 days of the filing being received by them that they disapprove the proposed tariff.

(c) Nothing in sub-paragraph (b) above shall prevent the aeronautical authority of either Contracting Party from unilaterally disallowing any tariff filed by one of their own designated airlines. However, such unilateral action shall be taken only if it appears to that authority either that a proposed tariff is excessive (that its application would constitute anti-competitive behavior likely to cause serious damage to another airline or other airlines).

(d) If the aeronautical authority of either Contracting Party consider either that the proposed tariff filed with them by a designated airline of the other Contracting Party is excessive or that its application would constitute anti-competitive behavior likely to cause serious damage to another airline or other airlines they may, within 20 days of receiving the filing, request consultations with the aeronautical authority of the other Contracting Party. Such consultations shall be completed within 21 days of being requested and the tariff shall take effect at the end of that period unless the authorities of both Contracting Parties agree otherwise.

(e) Notwithstanding sub-paragraphs (a) — (d) above, the aeronautical authorities of the two Contracting Parties shall not require the filing for their approval of tariffs for the carriage of cargo between points in their areas. Such tariffs will take effect when the airline concerned so decides.

(f) In the event that a tariff which has come into effect in accordance with the provisions above is considered by the aeronautical authority of one Contracting Party to be causing serious damage to another airline or other airlines on a particular route or routes, that aeronautical authority may request consultations with the aeronautical authority of the other Contracting Party. Such consultations shall be completed within 21 days of being requested unless the authorities of both Contracting Parties agree otherwise.

5. (a) The tariffs to be charged by a designated airline of one Contracting Party for carriage between the area of the other Contracting Party and a third Party shall be filed for the approval of the aeronautical authority of the other Contracting Party.

Each tariff filed shall be given approval if it is identical in level, conditions and date of expiry to a tariff currently approved by that aeronautical authority and applied by a designated airline of that other Contracting Party for carriage between their area and that of the third Party, provided that the aeronautical authority may withdraw their approval if the tariff being matched is discontinued for any reason, or may vary the terms of the approval to correspond to any approved variation in the tariff being matched.

(b) Notwithstanding sub-paragraph (a) above, the aeronautical authorities of the two Contracting Parties shall not require the filing for their approval of tariffs to be charged by the designated airline or airlines of one Contracting Party for the carriage of cargo between the area of the other Contracting Party and the third Party.

ARTICLE 8

Customs Duties

1. Aircraft operated in international air services by the designated airlines of either Contracting Party, their regular equipment, fuel, lubricants, spare parts including engines, and aircraft stores (including but not limited to such items as food, beverages and tobacco) which are on board of such aircraft shall be relieved by the other Contracting Party on the basis of reciprocity from all customs duties, excise taxes and similar fees and charges not based on the cost of services provided on arrival, provided such equipment and supplies remain on board the aircraft.

2. Regular equipment, spare parts, supplies of fuels and lubricants, aircrafts stores, printed ticket stock, air waybills, any printed materials which bears the insignia of a designated airline and usual publicity material distributed without charge by the designated airline of either Contracting Party, introduced into the area of the other Contracting Party by or on behalf of that designated airline or taken on board the aircraft operated by that designated airline and intended only for use on board such aircraft in the operation of international services shall be relieved by the other Contracting Party on the basis of reciprocity from customs duties, excise taxes and similar fees and charges not based on the cost of services provided on arrival, even when these supplies are to be used on any part of journey performed over the area of the Contracting Party in which they are taken on board.

3. The items referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2 of this Article may be required to be kept under the supervision or control of the appropriate authorities.

4. Regular air borne equipment, spare parts, supplies of fuels and lubricants and aircraft stores on board the aircraft of a designated airline of either Contracting Party may be unloaded in the area of the other Contracting Party only with the approval of the customs authorities of that Contracting Party who may require that these materials be placed under their supervision up to such time as they are re-exported or otherwise disposed of in accordance with customs regulations.

5. The relieves provided for by this Article shall also be available in situations where a designated airline of either Contracting Party has entered into arrangements with another airline or airlines for the loan or transfer in the area of the other Contracting Party of the items specified in paragraphs 1 and 2 of this Article, provided that such other airline or airlines similarly enjoy such relieves from such other Contracting Party.

ARTICLE 9

Aviation Security

1. The assurance of safety for civil aircraft, their passengers and crew being a fundamental pre-condition for the operation of international air services, the Contracting Parties reaffirm that their obligations to each other to provide for the security of civil aviation against acts of unlawful interference and in particular their obligations under the Chicago Convention, the Convention on Offenses and Certain Other Acts Committed on Board Aircraft, signed at Tokyo on 14 September 1963, the Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Seizure of Aircraft, signed at The Hague on 16 December 1970, the Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Civil Aviation, signed at Montreal on 23 September 1971 form an integral part of this Agreement.

2. The Contracting Parties shall provide upon request all necessary assistance to each other to prevent acts of unlawful seizure of civil aircraft and other unlawful acts against the safety of such aircraft, their passengers and crew, airports and air navigation facilities, and any other threat to the security of civil aviation.

3. The Contracting Parties shall, in their mutual relations, act in conformity with the aviation security Standards and, so far as they are applied by them, the Recommended Practices established by the International Civil Aviation Organization and designated as Annexes to the Chicago Convention; and shall require that operators of aircraft of their registry, operators who have their principal place of business or permanent residence in their area, and the operators of airports in their area, act in conformity with such aviation security provisions. Each Contracting Party shall give advance information to the other of its intention to notify any difference.

4. Each Contracting Party shall ensure that effective measures are taken within its area to protect aircraft, to screen passengers and their carry-on items, and to carry out appropriate checks on crew, cargo (including hold baggage) and aircraft stores prior to and during boarding or loading and that those measures are adjusted to meet increases in the threat. Each Contracting Party agrees that its airlines may be required to observe the aviation security provisions referred to in paragraph 3 required by the other Contracting Party, for entrance into, departure from, or while within, the area of that other Contracting Party. Each Contracting Party shall also act favorably upon any request from the other Contracting Party for reasonable special security measures to meet a particular threat.

5. When an incident or threat of an incident of unlawful seizure of civil aircraft or other unlawful acts against the safety of such aircraft, their passengers and crew, airports or air navigation facilities occurs, the Contracting Parties shall assist each other by facilitating communications and other appropriate measures intended to terminate as rapidly as possible commensurate with minimum risk to life such incident or threat.

ARTICLE 10

Provision of Statistics

The aeronautical authority of a Contracting Party shall supply to the aeronautical authority of the other Contracting Party at their request such periodic or other statements of statistics as may be reasonably required for the purpose of reviewing the capacity provided on the agreed services by the designated airline or airlines of the Contracting Party referred to first in this Article. Such statements shall include all information required to determine the amount of traffic carried by those airlines on the agreed services and the origins and destinations of such traffic.

ARTICLE 11

Transfer of Earnings

A designated airline of the Macao Special Administrative Region shall have the right to convert and remit to the Macao Special Administrative Region on demand local revenues in excess of sums locally disbursed. A designated airline of Mongolia shall have the right to convert and remit to its country on demand local revenues in excess of sums locally disbursed. Conversion and remittance shall be permitted without restrictions at the rate of exchange applicable to current transactions which is in effect at the time such revenues are presented for conversion and remittance, and shall not be subject to any charges except those normally made by banks for carrying out such conversion and remittance.

ARTICLE 12

Airline Representation and Sales

1. The designated airline or airlines of one Contracting Party may, in accordance with the laws and regulations relating to entry, residence and employment of the other Contracting Party, bring in and maintain in the area of the other Contracting Party those of their own managerial, technical, operational and other specialist staff who are required for the provision of air services.

2. The designated airline or airlines of each Contracting Party may engage in the sale of air transportation in the area of the other Contracting Party, either directly or through agents appointed by the designated airline. The designated airline or airlines of each Contracting Party may sell, and any person shall be free to purchase, such transportation in local currency or in any freely convertible other currency.

ARTICLE 13

User Charges

1. Neither Contracting Party shall impose or permit to be imposed on the designated airline or airlines of the other Contracting Party user charges higher than those imposed on their own airlines operating similar international air services.

2. Each Contracting Party shall encourage consultation on user charges between their competent charging authorities and airlines using the services and facilities provided by those charging authorities, where practicable through those airlines’ representative organizations. Reasonable notice of any proposals for changes in user charges should be given to such users to enable them to express their views before changes are made. Each Contracting Party shall further encourage their competent charging authorities and such users to exchange appropriate information concerning user charges.

ARTICLE 14

Consultation

Either Contracting Party may at any time request consultations on the implementation, interpretation, application or amendment of this Agreement. Such consultations, which may be between aeronautical authorities, shall begin within a period of 60 days from the date the other Contracting Party receives a written request, unless otherwise agreed by the Contracting Parties.

ARTICLE 15

Settlement of Disputes

1. If any dispute arises between the Contracting Parties relating to the interpretation or application of this Agreement, the Contracting Parties shall in the first place try to settle it by negotiation.

2. If the Contracting Parties fail to reach a settlement of the dispute by negotiation, it may be referred by them to such person or body as they may agree on or, at the request of either Contracting Party, shall be submitted for decision to a tribunal of three arbitrators which shall be constituted in the following manner:

(a) within 30 days after receipt of a request for arbitration, each Contracting Party shall appoint one arbitrator. A national of a State which can be regarded as neutral in relation to this dispute, who shall act as President of the tribunal, shall be appointed as the third arbitrator by agreement between the two arbitrators, within 60 days of the appointment of the second;

(b) if within the time limits specified above any appointment has not been made, either Contracting Party may request the President of the Council of the International Civil Aviation Organization to make the necessary appointment within 30 days. If the President of the Council is a national of a State which cannot be regarded as neutral in relation to the dispute, the Member of the Council of the International Civil Aviation Organization next in seniority who is not disqualified on that ground shall be requested to make the appointment.

3. Except as hereinafter provided in this Article or as otherwise agreed by the Contracting Parties, the tribunal shall determine the limits of its jurisdiction and establish its own procedure. At the direction of the tribunal, or at the request of either of the Contracting Parties, a conference to determine the precise issues to be arbitrated and the specific procedures to be followed shall be held not later than 30 days after the tribunal is fully constituted.

4. Except as otherwise agreed by the Contracting Parties or prescribed by the tribunal, each Contracting Party shall submit a memorandum within 45 days after the tribunal is fully constituted. Each Contracting Party may submit a reply within 60 days of submission of the other Contracting Party’s memorandum. The tribunal shall hold a hearing at the request of either Contracting Party, or at its discretion, within 30 days after replies are due.

5. The tribunal shall attempt to give a written decision within 30 days after completion of the hearing or, if no hearing is held, 30 days after the date both replies are submitted. The decision shall be taken by a majority vote.

6. The Contracting Parties may submit requests for clarification of the decision within 15 days after it is received and such clarification shall be issued within 15 days of such request.

7. The decision of the tribunal shall be binding on the Contracting Parties.

8. Each Contracting Party shall bear the costs of the arbitrator appointed by them. The other costs of the tribunal shall be shared equally by the Contracting Parties including any expenses incurred by the President or Member of the Council of the International Civil Aviation Organization in implementing the procedures in paragraph 2 (b) of this Article.

ARTICLE 16

Amendment

1. The amendments of this Agreement agreed by the Contracting Parties shall come into effect when confirmed by an exchange of correspondence through the appropriate channels.

2. Amendments to the Annex of this Agreement may be agreed directly between the aeronautical authorities of the Contracting Parties. They shall be applied provisionally from the date they have been agreed upon by the said authorities and enter into force when confirmed by an exchange of correspondence through the appropriate channels.

ARTICLE 17

Operation of Leased Aircraft

The designated airlines of the Contracting Parties may use the aircraft and crew on leasing condition in the agreed services, provided that the leasing arrangements shall be subject to the approval of the civil aeronautical authority of the other Contracting Party in accordance with its own rules and regulations.

ARTICLE 18

Multilateral Conventions

In the event of a general multilateral air transport convention applicable to both Contracting Parties entering into force, the provisions of such convention shall prevail. Any discussions with a view to determining the extent to which this Agreement is terminated, superseded, amended or supplemented by the provisions of the multilateral convention shall take place in accordance with Article 16 of this Agreement.

ARTICLE 19

Termination

Either Contracting Party may at any time give notice in writing to the other Contracting Party of their decision to terminate this Agreement. Such notice shall be simultaneously communicated to the International Civil Aviation Organization. This Agreement shall terminate at midnight (at the place of receipt of the notice) immediately before the first anniversary of the date of receipt of the notice by the other Contracting Party, unless the notice is withdrawn by agreement before the end of this period. In the absence of acknowledgement of receipt by the other Contracting Party, the notice shall be deemed to have been received 14 days after receipt of the notice by the International Civil Aviation Organization.

ARTICLE 20

Registration with ICAO

This Agreement and any amendments thereto shall be registered with the International Civil Aviation Organization.

ARTICLE 21

Entry into Force

This Agreement shall enter into force as soon as the Contracting Parties have given notice in writing to each other that any necessary procedures have been completed.

IN WITNESS whereof, the undersigned, being duly authorized by their respective Governments, have signed this Agreement.

Done, in duplicate at Ulaanbaatar this 27th day of June 2006 in the Chinese, Portuguese, Mongolian and English languages, all texts being equally authoritative.

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ANNEX

ROUTE SCHEDULE

Section 1

Routes to be operated by the designated airline or airlines of Mongolia:

NOTES:

1. Intermediate points may be omitted on any flight provided that the service begins or ends in Mongolia.

2. No points in inland of China, Taiwan and Hong Kong may be served either as intermediate points or beyond points.

Section 2

Routes to be operated by the designated airline or airlines of the Macao Special Administrative Region:

NOTES:

1. Intermediate points may be omitted on any flight provided that the service begins or ends in the Macao SAR.

2. No points in inland of China, Taiwan and Hong Kong may be served either as intermediate points or beyond points.

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